A disqualified person or entity is used to describe certain individuals or entities who are not allowed to do business with tax-advantaged plans. This includes the account holder, his or her spouse, any of the account holder’s ascendants (parents, grandparents) and their spouses, or descendants (children, grandchildren) and their spouses. This also includes any business partners or financial advisors of the account holder. While this specific list is not exhaustive, it does provide general principles regarding who can and cannot do business with a self-directed IRA, 401(k), or Health Savings Account. Again, the reasoning for this limitation is these entities would benefit from the account’s funds, bypassing contribution and withdrawal limits, through receipt of economic benefit.